Sodium Superionic Conductors (NASICONs) as Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have developed rapidly owing to the high natural abundance, wide distribution, and low cost of sodium. Among various materials used in SIBs, sodium superion conductor (NASICON)-based electrode with remarkable structural stability ionic conductivity are one most promising candidates for storage electrodes. Nevertheless, relatively electronic these makes them display poor electrochemical performance, significantly limiting their practical application. In recent years, strategies enhancing inherent NASICON-based cathode been extensively studied through coating active material a conductive carbon layer, reducing size material, combining materials, doping elements bulk phase. this paper, we review progress development SIBs terms synthesis, characterization, functional mechanisms, performance validation/optimization. The advantages disadvantages such SIB analyzed, relationship between structures as well electrical is highlighted. Some technical challenges respect several future research directions also proposed overcoming toward applications. Graphic Abstract